Taking a Look at Behaviourism - 635 Words

What is Behaviourism: learning is the the acquisition of new behaviour based on environmental conditions linking a new behaviour to the to a stimulus by providing reinforcement after the correct behaviour is produced. Principles -based on the principles of stimulus and response -behaviour is caused by external stimuli which is also called operant conditioning -takes learner as passive recipient -learning is a based on â€Å"cause and effect†( Duchenese). -external stimuli creates response from learner which becomes a behaviour with time. Main Proponents: Ivan Petrovich Pavlov,E.L.Thorndike, B.F.Skinner and Watson Examples: The ringing of the school bell stimulates the responses of children as to go back to the class and recess time The teacher can reward a child, who is on toilet training, with a sticker or stamp to reinforce positive behaviour. What is Constructivism: learners construct knowledge for themselves Principles of constructivism: Learning is defined as the acquisition of new information which can be recalled later Role of teacher as a helper to construct knowledge by proving different tools Learner as an active participant rather than passive recipient of knowledge Gives importance to native language as a tool in learning process LearningShow MoreRelatedDifferent Perspectives And The Key Debates Within Psychology Essay1744 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will aim to describe and evaluate the behaviourist approach while referring to other perspectives and the key debates within psychology. Behaviourism believes that human behaviour can be explained in terms of conditioning, without the need to consider thoughts or feelings (Cardwell Flanagan, 2015). The Behaviourist approach has a number of assumptions such as it emphasises that psychology needs to be scientific, to do this you must only study observable and measurable behaviour whileRead MoreAn Inside Look at Sports Psychology1715 Words   |  7 Pagesprocesses while participating in sport (Robert Weinberg, 2010.). Academic sports psychology looks at the factors that affect participation and performance in sport. Areas that are covered in the academic research and theory are the person’s personality, attitudes, anxiety, stress and motivation (class notes, 2014). After carefully analysing the five forces of sports psychology (psychodynamic, behaviourism, cognition, humanist and Nero linguistic processing) the athlete or coach will be given additionalRead MoreThe Psychoanalytical Theory Of Psychology1567 Words   |  7 PagesAnother weakness is that his theories explain behaviour post-hoc. JB Watson strongly disagreed with Freud’s Psychoanalytic theory and argued that psychology had to stop using introspection to explain emotion and behaviour. The school of Behaviourism was then founded. Behaviourists believed that if psychology was to be scientific then it must only deal with behaviours that can be seen and measured. JB Watson’s main ideas included the idea of the ‘blank state’. By this he thought that when weRead MorePsychological Perspectives On Mental Health Disorders1728 Words   |  7 Pageshealth. Psychological perspectives are the different ways in which psychologists look at individual’s behaviours, thoughts and feelings. Although some of the psychological perspectives are very different while others are similar and seem to overlap, it is important to note that there isn’t simply one correct perspective and that each of the perspectives has their strengths and weaknesses. In this essay I am going to look into the different psychological perspectives and how they offer us an understandingRead MoreHow Does Neuroscience Look at Behaviour?1551 Words   |  6 Pagespeople behave the way they do (Grieve et al., 2005). Different theories have different perspectives on looking at behaviour, generally known as approaches. This essay will be looking at the following: approaches of neuroscience, psychodynamics, behaviourism, and cognition. To compare the different perspectives of which psychologists use to examine behaviour as well as mental processes. Neuroscience Neuropsychology comes from two disciplines the one being from neurology has to do with the brain andRead MorePsychology : A Theory Of Hierarchy Needs1237 Words   |  5 Pagesa person is behaving is it to look at the reason behind the action and its consequences. Sigmund Freud believed that our thoughts explained by the way we behave. Wilhelm Wundt believed the consciousness mind could be broken down or even reduced to the basic elements. In 1943, Abraham Maslow created a theory called, â€Å"A theory of Hierarchy needs.† Which tells us what humans are motivated by and what they need. 2. Cognitive psychologists look at how we think, it looks at things such as brain activityRead MoreComparison Of Two Psychological Perspectives, Cognitive And Behaviorism1377 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will attempt to make a analytical comparison between two psychological perspectives, cognitive and behaviourism on what they believe about their approach to learning and also explain what the theories of two psychologist that are associated with both perspectives, highlighting the similarities and differences. AC 1.1, 1.2, Behaviourists believe that learning is a change in behaviour, when the learner is born the mind is tabula rasa (a clean slate) and behaviour is shaped by positiveRead MorePsychological Perspectives Of Human Behavior1542 Words   |  7 Pagescriticised and compared to one another. A brief description on psychology will occur, and there will also be a short summarisation on some key early influences of psychology, from its origins in philosophy. Psychology is a scientific application of behaviourism. It evolved from three key areas of research, philosophy, biology and physics. In 1879 a man named Wilhelm Wundt created the first laboratory with the sole purpose of researching psychological matters, during this time psychology as a self-consciousRead MorePsychology Is The Scientific Study Of The Human Mind And Its Behaviors1625 Words   |  7 Pagesmemory rather than taking notes causing the information to be unreliable. Also, the therapies discussed in the approach are untestable and are therefore non-scientific. Freud’s development of the psychoanalytic approach lead to the establishment of the behaviourist approach which was formed by John Watson in 1913. The Behaviourist approach focuses on the role of learning and based on the approach environmental factors i.e. stimuli affect and shape an individual’s behaviour. Behaviourism suggests thatRead MoreBehaviourists Explain Maladaptive Behaviour in Terms of the Learning Principles That Sustain and Maintain It. Discuss This Statement and Show How a Behaviourists Approach Is in Stark Contrast to a Psychoanalytic One.2198 Words   |  9 Pagesand maintain it. Discuss this statement and show how a behaviourists approach to therapy is in stark contrast to a psychoanalytic one†. Behaviourism is a school of thought in psychology based on the assumption that learning occurs through interactions with the environment. Two other assumptions of this theory are that the environment shapes behaviour and that taking internal mental states such as thoughts, feelings and emotions into consideration is useless in explaining behaviour. Behaviourists are